<p>In the second of two articles the author discusses the secondary complications that can arise following insertion of venous access devices (VADs). Part one, published last week, examined the primary complications that can arise when inserting VADs.</p> <p>This article aims to provide an introduction to the secondary complications that can arise following the insertion of central and peripheral venous access devices (VADs). It offers guidance on how to identify, avoid and resolve such complications.</p>