<p>Aim This literature review examines best practice in caring for those who have been bereaved suddenly in acute care settings. Theories of bereavement are outlined in relation to sudden death. The evidence base for best practice is presented and the role of the nurse in this situation is examined.</p> <p>Conclusion There are common psychological, physical and behavioural manifestations of grief, but people experiencing the sudden death of a loved one are at risk of more pronounced and prolonged grief reactions than those who had been expecting death. Nurses have an important role in facilitating bereavement in acute care settings. Preparation for bereavement care begins before an individual has died and continues through to identifying the appropriate person to provide follow-up care. Those who are unexpectedly and suddenly bereaved should receive practical and considerate evidence-based care.</p>