<p>An increased requirement for vascular access to deliver therapies and treatments means that nurses need to have the knowledge and skills to insert vascular access devices (VADs) and care for patients with these devices in situ. This involves an awareness of the possible complications associated with VADs. This article provides an overview of the causes, prevention and management of VAD occlusion. The importance of patient assessment is highlighted with a view to reducing complications and improving the quality of patient care.</p>