The prevalence of nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer varies, but it generally increases towards the end of life. Nausea and vomiting can be distressing and debilitating for patients, and can affect quality of life significantly. This article discusses the assessment of nausea and vomiting, current understanding of the emetic pathways, and pharmacological management of nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer at the end of life.