Aims and intended learning outcomes This article explores the ways in which a range of dental caries measures, including nutrition, plaque removal and the use of flourides might contribute to the prevention of dental caries in children. The aim of the article is to provide simple, though scientific, health messages, which are easily understood by the general population as well as other health professionals. After reading this article you should be able to: ■Describe caries causation and prevention ■Discuss the importance of nutrition in relation to oral health ■Give dietary advice on oral health ■Detail the role of diet in caries prevention.