This is a summary of the peer-reviewed article: Initiating non-insulin-based treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes: a practical guide by Martha Stewart. 

The article outlines the non-insulin-based treatment options available to adult patients with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a progressive metabolic disorder characterised by insulin resistance, pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and overproduction of glucose by the liver. Without adequate management, it can result in serious cardiovascular and renal complications. While insulin therapy is often required, many patients with type 2 diabetes are also prescribed non-insulin-based medicines as part of their management plan