<p>With a general shift from hospital-based to community-based care for people with learning disabilities, the debate has raged as to the role of the learning disability nurse (RNLD). Following the advent of a separate workforce for people with learning disabilities in the 1920s, the RNLD has always remained marginalised within the wider nursing profession (Mitchell 1998), prompting calls for the learning disability branch programme to be abolished altogether (Sines 1993). Against this background, this article argues that specialist practitioners have a role to play in providing support and health care to people with learning disabilities, but that such workers need not necessarily be called ‘nurses’ nor employed in the health service.</p>